Canadian International School and Asia Essay

There are certain things in life that are taken for granted. Some people would feel contented with what they have, while others would have a bigger yearning to become someone. Sometimes, what we yearn for in life becomes the very core of our existence, making us hardworking and persevering. My high school was spent in Asia, where I was exposed to numerous realities. I graduated from the Canadian International School and Asia, and I must say that I was provided with the necessary knowledge in order to become prepared for the real world. Eventually, I was given the opportunity to study at the NAME OF UNIVERSITY. The short time I spent there was enough for me to become equipped with the necessary knowledge that would allow me to follow my dreams. However, I believe that I would be able to spread my wings further if I studied at the NAME OF UNIVERSITY in Vancouver, Canada. For this, I am showing my interest in taking up NAME OF DEGREE from your university. Studying at the NAME OF UNVIERSITY would not come as a challenge, for I have been previously exposed to the Canadian way of teaching. In this regard, I would not have much difficulty adjusting to the culture, and instead become more proficient in class. I would become more comfortable with my environment, at the same time be able to express myself further in the best possible way that I can. As mentioned earlier, it is my belief that your university would become one of my keystones in achieving my goals in life. Although some would opt to think that the success of an individual is not based on the school, I beg to disagree. Some of the important factors to be learned in life are based on the foundation that institutions have inculcated in their students. Since I have been a product of a Canadian institution in high school, I wish to strengthen my knowledge and beliefs further with your help. Life is always about taking risks – these are the choices that we make in order to fulfill our dreams.

Enzymes: Lab Report

Introductory Biology 1 Biology 1003 Fall Term 2011 Lab Number: 3 Title: Cell Energetics: Enzyme Role in Biological Reactions Name: Brandon Moore Student Number: 100819124 Lab day and time: Wednesday pm Date: Wednesday November 23, 2011 Introduction Enzymes are a key aspect in our everyday life and are a key to sustaining life. They are biological catalysts that help speed up the rate of reactions. They do this by lowering the activation energy of chemical reactions (Biology Department, 2011). In chemical reactions bonds must be broken and new bonds must be formed. In order for this to occur the bonds must be made less stable. For bonds to become less stable a small input of energy is required and this is called the activation energy. In simpler terms, in order for a reaction to begin and proceed spontaneously a small input energy is required to give the reaction a push and get it started (Cooper, 2000). As said before catalysts are chemical agents used to speed up the rates of reactions. The biological catalyst is a group of proteins called enzymes. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy and making it easier for the eactants to obtain the necessary energy to break the kinetic barrier. Even though enzymes speed up the rate of reaction, they do not change the free energy of the reactants and the products (Russel et al. , 2010). Enzymes work by combining with reacting molecules at the active site. Each enzyme is specific to only one kind of molecule and can only bind to its specific molecule. The active site is a groove in the enzyme wher e the molecule will bind to; this is formed by the enzyme folding into a specific shape. When the enzyme is done and the molecules are then in the transitional state, which means the bonds are unstable and ready to be broken, the enzyme remains unchanged and can continue to bind to other molecules (Russel et al. , 2010). Enzymes induce the transition state by three major mechanisms. The first is by bringing the reacting molecules together. The reactants bind in the active site of the enzyme in the right orientation for catalysis to occur. The second mechanism works by the enzyme exposing the reactant molecule to altered charge environments. The third mechanism is by changing the shape of a substrate molecule (Russel et al. , 2010). The conditions being studied on how they affect enzyme activity are: concentration, ph, and temperature. As the concentration of enzymes increases the rate at which products are formed also increases. It is also true as the concentration of the substrate increases the rate of the reaction will also increase until the enzymes reach their maximum rate at which they can combine with the substrates. Each enzyme has a best possible pH where it works at its best. Anything that changes on either side of the optimum pH will decrease the rate of the reaction. Finally as temperature raises so does the rate of the reaction but only to a certain point. As the temperature raises the frequency and strength of collisions will increase, however if the temperature rises too high the hydrogen bonds of the enzyme break and it unfolds making it unable to accept any molecules due to its active site being destroyed. To observe the effects of these three conditions on enzyme activity spectrophotometry is used. A spectrophotometer works by measuring the amount of light a compound in solution absorbs. As the concentration of the solution increases more light is absorbed (Biology Department, 2011). The purpose of this experiment is to test and observe the effects of concentration, pH, and temperature on enzyme activity. Methods In part I of the lab obtain six small glass tubes in a test tube rack. After the six small tubes are obtained, add fifteen drops of distilled water to tube 1, ten drops to tube 2 and 3, five drops to tube 4, and no drops to tubes 5 and 6. Once distilled water is added five drops of the substrate solution were then added to tube 2, 4 and 6. There were no drops of substrate solution added to tubes 1 and 3, and ten drops were added to tube 6. After the substrate solution was added, five drops of the enzyme were quickly placed in tubes 3, 4 and 5. There were no drops of enzyme added in tubes 1 and 2 and in tube 6 ten drops were added. Once the enzyme solution has been added the tubes were then left to incubate for ten minutes and after five drops of DNSA solution were added to tubes 1 to 6. The tubes were then placed in a hot block at 80-90oC for five minutes. They were then taken out after the five minute period and using a 5 ml pipette, 5 ml of distilled water were added to the 6 tubes and mixed by inversion. Once everything was complete the 6 tubes were then taken to the Milton Roy Company Spectronic 21 and the absorbance of each tube was tested. In part II of the lab six small glass tubes were obtained in a test tube rack. Ten drops of distilled water were then added to test tube 1, five drops to tubes 2-4, and no drops in tubes 5 and 6. Five drops of 0. 1M HCl were added to test tube 5 and five drops of 0. 1M NaOH to test tube 6. Five drops of enzyme were then added to all tubes except tube 1. Tube 3 was then placed in the ice bucket and tube 4 was placed in the hot bucket at 80-900C for five minutes, the remaining tubes were left in the test tube rack. After the five minutes five drops of 1% starch was added to every tube and left to sit for ten minutes. After ten minutes five drops of DNSA were then added to all the tubes. All the tubes were then taken and placed in the hot bucket at 80-900C and left to incubate for five minutes. After the five minutes, take a 5 ml pipette and add 3 ml of distilled water to each tube and mix with inversion. Once everything is complete the tubes were then taken to the Milton Roy Company Spectronic 21 and the absorbance of each tube was tested. Results In part I tubes 1-3 had a very low absorbance. In tube 4 when the enzyme and substrate were present the absorbance increased substantially from below 0. 1 to a mean of 0. 53. When two times the amount of substrate was added in tube 5 the absorbance increased again from a mean of 0. 53 to 0. 57. Finally when two times the amount of enzymes was added the absorbance increased a final time from 0. 57 to 0. 63. Table 1. The effects of different concentrations on the absorbance of solutions Lab Group |Tube 1 Abs. |Tube 2 Abs. |Tube 3 Abs. |Tube 4 Abs. |Tube 5 Abs. |Tube 6 Abs. | |Our Group |0 |0. 05 |0. 09 |0. 55 |0. 68 |0. 66 | |Group 2 |0 |0 |0 |0. 61 |0. 725 |0. 75 | |Group 3 |0. 01 |0. 02 |0. 01 |0. 42 |0. 3 |0. 49 | |Mean |0. 0033 |0. 023 |0. 33 |0. 53 |0. 57 |0. 63 | |SD |0. 0058 |0. 025 |0. 049 |0. 097 |0. 23 |0. 13 | |SE |0. 0033 |0. 015 |0. 029 |0. 056 |0. 14 |0. 076 | Tube 1 was the control and recorded a low absorbance of approximately 0. 01. Tube 2 contained the enzyme and substrate and the absorbance rose to a mean of 0. 54. When tube three was heated and tube 4 was cooled the absorbance ecreased to 0. 32 and 0. 38. Finally solution of 0. 1M HCl was added to tube 5 and the absorbance decreased to 0. 0025, and solution of 0. 1M NaOH was added to tube 6 and the absorbance decreased to 0. 13. Table 2. The effects of pH and temperature on the absorbance of different solutions |Lab Group |Tube 1 Abs. |Tube 2 Abs. |Tube 3 Abs. |Tube 4 Abs. |Tube 5 Abs. |Tube 6 Abs. | |Our Group |0 |0. 63 |0. 39 |0 |0 |0. 4 | |Group 2 |0 |0. 15 |0. 9 |0 |0 |0. 01 | |Group 3 |0. 05 |0. 85 |0. 49 |0. 11 |0. 01 |0. 08 | |Group 4 |0 |0. 54 |0. 31 |0. 04 |0 |0. 03 | |Mean |0. 013 |0. 54 |0. 32 |0. 038 |0. 0025 |0. 13 | |SD |0. 025 |0. 29 |0. 17 |0. 52 |0. 005 |0. 18 | |SE |0. 013 |0. 15 |0. 085 |0. 026 |0. 0025 |0. 091 | Discussion Enzymes are biological catalysts that reduce the activation energy in order to increase the rate of the reaction. Increases in concentration increase the rate of the reaction, change in pH from the optimum will decrease the rate of a reaction, and increasing temperature will also increase the rate of reaction until a certain point is reached (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972). Part I of the lab focused on the effects of concentration on pH. When we look at table I we can see that tubes 1-3 had very low absorbances. Tube 1 was the control that contained only water and no reaction occurred. In tube 2 the enzyme was not present which meant that the reaction occurred spontaneously without any help, thus a low absorbance. Tube 3 contained the enzyme but lacked the substrate, which meant nothing was bonding to the active sites and reaction could not occur. In tube 4 both substrate and enzyme were present and the absorbance rose greatly from approximately 0 to a mean of around 0. 3. This perfectly demonstrates that with the addition of an enzyme the product concentration increases and so does the rate of reaction. To tube 5, two times the amount of substrate was added and absorbance increased again to a mean of 0. 57. This shows that more substrate was present and readily available to bind to the active sites. Last was tube 6 which contained two times the amount of enzyme and again the absorbance rose to approximately 0. 63. The increase of enzymes allowed for more active sites to be readily available to bind to the molecules (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972). When viewing the data obtained and comparing it to what is known about concentration effects on enzyme activity it can be accurately concluded that the data obtained is fairly accurate. As the enzyme concentration is kept the same and the substrate concentration increases the rate of reaction will also increase. This makes sense since now there are more molecules of substrate available to bond to the active sites. Increasing concentration will only increase the rate of reaction until a certain point is met. This point occurs when too much substrate is added and all available enzymes are already working. When this occurs the concentration increase no longer has an effect on the reaction rate. This is also true with the increase in concentration of the enzyme. The more enzymes there are the more active sites available to bond to the molecules. The increase in enzyme concentration will also increase the rate of reaction. This concludes effectively that the data obtained effectively demonstrates the effects of concentration on the rates of reactions (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972). Part II of the lab focused on the effects of temperature and pH on enzyme activity. When viewing table II it can be seen that tube 1 had a very low absorbance, due to it being the control and not containing any substrate or enzyme. Tube 2 contained the substrate and enzyme and thus the absorbance increased greatly to a mean of 0. 54. When looking at the changes of pH in tubes 5 and 6 the absorbance decreased for both to 0. 003 and 0. 1. The optimum pH is around 7 and with this the reaction rate is at its best. As stated before any change in pH away from the optimum will decrease the rate of reaction. HCl has a lower pH than 7 and is below optimum, which means that it will have more unstable charges and the absorbance will lower, which is what was seen in tube 5. The same happens for NaOH, which is on the other side of the pH spectrum and above the optimum pH of 7 as seen in tube 6. From this it can be concluded that any change in pH away from the optimum will cause an unbalance in charges and cause the reaction rate to decrease (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972). The second part of part II involves the effects of temperature. When looking at tube 3 that was placed in the ice bucket the reaction rate decreased from tube 2 with mean absorbance of 0. 54 to a mean of 0. 32. A decrease in temperature will slow down the activity of the substrate and enzymes and will reduce the speed and amount of collisions occurring. With less collisions occurring the reaction rate will then decrease. Tube 4 was placed in heat and the absorbance dropped as well to a mean of 0. 38. Stated before it was said that an increase in temperature would cause the speed and number of collisions to increase. This would then increase the rate of the reaction. However, an increase in heat will only increase the rate of reaction until a certain temperature is reached. This temperature is approximately between 40-50OC. Tube 4 was placed in temperatures ranging from 80-90OC, which is much higher than the max of 40-50. When this max is surpassed the hydrogen bonds will begin to break and the enzymes will unfold. When the enzyme unfolds the active site will then be destroyed and become deformed and no longer usable. When this happens the enzymes stop functioning and the reaction rate will decrease, which is what was seen (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 972). The living cell is a site for activity known as metabolism. This can include the build-up or repair of tissues, turning food into energy, getting rid of waste products, and all the activities of life. Many of these processes do not occur spontaneously and this is why enzymes are needed. Without enzymes life itself would not be possible (Cooper. 2000). It can be concluded that concentr ation, pH, and temperature have great effects on enzyme activity. The increase in concentration of substrates increases the reaction rate until the point where all enzymes are being used. The increases in enzyme concentration will increase the rate of reaction. Any change in pH away from the optimum will cause an unbalance in charges and will lower the reaction rate (Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972). Finally the increase in temperature will increase the reaction rate until around 40-50OC when hydrogen bonds begin to break (Russel et al,. 2010). By understanding more about enzyme catalysts advances in medicine and life sciences are able to occur and help us understand more about life itself. References: Russell, P. J. , S. L. Wolfe, P. E. Hertz, C. Starr, M. B. Fenton, H. Addy, D. Maxwell, T. Haffie, and K. Davey. 2010. Biology: Exploring the Diversity of life, first Canadian edition. Nelson Education Ltd. , Toronto. Biology Department. 2011. Introductory Biology: BIOL 1003 Lab Manual. Carleton University Press, Ottawa. Worthington Biochemical Corporation. 1972. Introduction to Enzymes. http://www. worthington-biochem. com/introbiochem/effectspH. html. November 22, 2011. Geoffrey M Cooper. 2000. The Cell: A Molecular Approach, Second Edition. Sinauer Associates Inc, Boston University.

Internet Tools at Dirt Bikes Essay

Internet Tools at Dirt Bikes Teresa Brennan July 10, 2010 IT/205 Gelonda Martin In business today it is a necessity for communication channels to be as efficient as possible. Dirt Bikes’ current means of communication is antiquated and without further investment in technology, will stunt the operations and growth of the organization. A complete overhaul of the IT infrastructure is recommended. Although there are significant costs associated with implementing a new system, the pay-off would be in the increased sales and customer satisfaction, thereby the system upgrade would become a revenue generator. The success of Dirt Bikes new IT implementation would facilitate quick access to the internet and market information which the company will use to make strategic decisions. A computer network connects two or more computers so employees can work together sharing data across computers. The infrastructure of the network would make data available to view in all departments. Dirt Bikes would to set up a wide area network (WAN) for the business to operate across global areas. The ability to communicate anywhere anytime would allow the company to respond immediately to customer needs, order rocessing, and part suppliers saving time and money by keeping up with current inventory. Connecting the WAN allows employees to send and receive important information from anywhere globally via PDAs or laptop devices and provide almost instant responses to management, customers, vendors and other areas where efficient and immediate communication is preferred such as monitoring global industry trends happening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. Dirt Bikes offices would offer Wi-Fi hotspots that would enable employees to access PDAs and laptops from anywhere within the building. Employees could move around from floor to floor and office to office and still be connected to incoming messages and requests from suppliers, customers and colleagues and respond without leaving their current location. Employees have more control over managing their time when they are able to conduct business from remote locations. They will also have a greater sense of empowerment, learning and freedom from accessing an intranet and internet through a Wi-Fi connection. There is a certain freedom in being able to conduct efficient business from multiple locations, and with the 36 network available through nternet providers, the possibilities to connect anywhere are endless. Dirt Bikes’ employees ultimately benefit from reduced stress from higher efficiency and more flexibility in work environment. According to an article by Bradley Mitchell, wireless gear costs a bit more than the wired Ethernet products (About. com. 2010). The equipment needed for wireless can cost nearly three times as much depending on wireless signal 802. 11b and 802. 1 lg. The 802. 11b products have dropped in price with the release of 802. 1 lg, which can lead to cost savings in a signal choice. Of course there is a possibi t signal interterence witn wireless LANS, but are more convenient for businesses with outside salespersons and the efficiency of direct communication. The network would house a closed Intranet with employee access for any information necessary to conduct Dirt Bikes business on a daily basis. The Intranet would become the improved means of communication between employees and their designated departments and have all the company’s resources and documents cataloged. Employees could access company information and Human Resources documents online instead of placing calls to the department and otentially interrupting fellow co-workers from current projects. By recording documents, solutions and general information about vendors, distributors, customers and even market conditions, Dirt Bikes can begin to build a sophisticated network of knowledge that makes future business more reliable, highly accurate and efficient. An intranet would allow Dirt Bikes to reduce overhead in parts storage costs by reducing the number of stocked parts through rapid communication of parts ordered and available. In the near future, the goal would be to have Dirt Bikes implement a RFID tags on incoming manufacturing parts. Production teams would have more time to complete order processing if they did not have to manually log incoming stock into the warehouses. A significant savings would result from reduced overhead costs for storage warehouses and the employees to stock and maintain them. Dirt Bikes’ customers would enjoy the majority of the benefits of implementing a new IT infrastructure. Employees will no longer have to rely on placing several phone calls to gather information before providing customer solutions; they would provide immediate attention and problem-solving utilizing the data at their fingertips. The result is a better customer experience because sales and service staff are able to communicate accurate information to customers. Marketing knows the customer’s past orders which helps to anticipate future repeat business and forecasting. Overall, there would be an anticipation that repeat customer business would increase substantially within one year. Web 2. 0 solutions could be implemented to help monitor the motorcycle industry. Dirt Bikes’ market researchers could access information about competitors and house it on the Intranet for sales and marketing teams to evaluate. Those same researchers could request RSS feeds from multiple blogs relevant to the motorcycle industry thereby gaining pertinent real-time industry knowledge. Dirt Bikes could set up a type of live chat line for potential customers to discuss and get answers on products and services. This type of service would improve sales by improving customer service with repeat sales and attracting new buyers. I would set up a platform for voice over internet protocol (VoIP). Using a microphone and speakers Dirt Bikes can have conference calls from any office without rewiring or reconfiguring the network. According to the text written by K. Lauden and J. Lauden, there are costs up front but in the long run will save the company 20-30% by eliminating outside telephone services (2009). VoIP can also carry the company’s voice mail and e-mail services. In conclusion, these changes I have proposed to Dirt Bikes will benefit the employees with increased sales due to better communication between departments, vendors and the customer. Having data updated every time a transaction occurs provides better production and efficiency for the company because the rapid flow of information keeps inventory

Week 10 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Week 10 - Assignment Example In the event of a financial collapse it is seen that international trade will take a nose dive majorly because some of the large financial movers in the world are depended upon by other smaller countries. At the same time housing will stop thriving. The boom that is there for real property will go down majorly because interest rates will affect the desire for property as they will prove to be out of reach. The prices of goods are also seen to take a low turn as it is rather evident that people will not need them. The financial stocks will be a clear representation of this. The dollar, the world’s most relied on currency will also weaken in relation to other currencies and in the course of this cause the prices of other goods to drop. Previous experiences and events can also go a long way in shaping the financial decisions that can be made. The way a particular country behaves in the international scene when it comes to the financial scene can go a long way in establishing the predictability of the global financial situation if not the local one. Take the case of the United States for example. It is seen that the country accounts for nearly 25 per cent of the total global GDP. When a country of such significant influence in the world gets shaken in its economy then this would prove to be an indicator of the ensuing financial condition. What ought to be done in this case is that investors should be very much wary of the giant financial controllers of the world say China and the United States. In this same connection also the Central Banks of the various countries that are there may play a rather significant role in the aversion of the effects of the global financial problems through the slashing of interest rates but the effect of this is not much felt as it was before. The countries of the world, should stop being dependent on one particular consumer when it comes to their exports. In this case they mostly depend on the United States.

Interdisciplinary relationships Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Interdisciplinary relationships - Essay Example Interdisciplinary relationships entail a sense of mutual coexistence among professionals of different disciplines that foster positive correlation within the working confines (Rigolosi, 2013). The need for harmonisation and collaboration amid the elements that provide primary care for the clients is essential in developing effectively working work relations within the practice. Initially, the primary care practice entailed three essential elements of the application of interdisciplinary relationships within the nursing practice. These models included the parallel, sequential and shared models all of which include the working relations between a physician and a non-physician, who is a physician subordinate or nurse practitioner. The parallel model entailed a practice of service delivery in which the nurse practitioner or non-physician provider facilitated care services to the stable patients while the physician facilitated care for the medically complex patients (Rigolosi, 2013). Thus, none of the disciplines overlapped or supported the other in the working environment. Secondly, the sequential model of the interdisciplinary relationship entails the nurse or assistant physician performing the initial physical and historical examination of the patient. After gathering the initial findings over the patient, the physician takes responsibility for differential diagnosis and management. Additionally, the physician may take initial screen for complex patient cases. The shared model entails the professionals providing care for the patients on an alternating basis, without regarding the diagnosis or complexity of the care situation. These initial aspects of interdisciplinary relationship definition formulated the basis for establishment of additionally effective models of working. The latest models of the interdisciplinary relationship within the practice include collaborative practice models, teamwork system model and interdisciplinary

Strategic Choice and Evaluation Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Strategic Choice and Evaluation Paper - Essay Example The Fast food industry is a very competitive industry in which customer service becomes a focal point. The organization has many strong points that gives them an advantage over their competitors. For example, Chick-Fil-A is known for serving nutritional meals compared to other fast food chains. In addition, it was one of the prime restaurants that came up with the idea to have a â€Å"chicken sandwich.† The founder of the company, Truett Cathy, is very religious and ethics oriented coming from a strong Baptist background [2]. Hence, the company believes in strong Christian and family roots as the restaurant is closed on Sundays. Moreover, the company’s marketing department is fantastic in their advertisements as they often use humor to attract customers [2]. The strategy of the company is to serve nutritious food than its competitors, which becomes the focal point in its quest to compete against other rivals. Another strategy that enables them to be a great fast food ch ain is the fact that that the employees are efficient and attentive to the needs of the customers [1]. Chick-Fil-A employees take pride and pleasure in serving their customers instead of a typical â€Å"Your Welcome† statement. In addition, the employees pride in providing the best services that includes folding napkins in a particular way that pleases the customers [4]. Moreover, the company excels in attracting customers with regular promotions and offering coupons after a big meal. Not only does that keep the customers loyal, it also allows the customer to share these coupons with other acquaintances. Furthermore, Chick-Fil-A excel in reducing its operations time while serving its customers. It prime ability to strive to serve its customers within 90 seconds in a drive-through service is an amazing feat no doubt[1]. With the assistance of smart technology, a timer is often set by the computer screen that tells the employees the progress of the order [1]. This enables the e mployees to be efficient in their time management and at the same time be motivated in their services. Reducing the operation time is the key to being a successful customer oriented business in this booming commerce. Annually, the company evaluates and grades it service by investing more than $1 million in the department. The feedback from customers is received through phone surveys conducted by the company [2]. Each survey consists of twenty questions that evaluate the quality, attentiveness, and the service of its employees. Any other feedback is also welcome from the customers. Again, this is a major step taken by the company to allow itself to gain some leverage against its competitors [3]. Knowing and understanding the customers concerns and feedback is a huge step towards becoming a critical player in the fast food industry through improvement. The company does have many opportunities to expand into the market. Since Chick-Fil-A had healthy sales of around 3127 million last ye ar, the organization does have solid market position. In addition, it continues to use customer service as a reliable tool to attract customers. While the company does have many strong points, one has to acknowledge the fact that having only chicken related items in the menu is detrimental for the business. The customers of today more than ever want choices in everything. Young adults and children are picky eaters and sometimes crave just more than chicken nuggets and fries on a regular basis.

Competition law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Competition law - Essay Example An exclusive distribution system is whereby a company, (manufacturer) grants exclusive rights of its products and/or services, to another company1. The most common form is when a single distributor acquires exclusive rights to market a product in a specific territory. Exclusive distribution limits sales to one dealer or to one distributor in a given market. Take the example of Sealy, a company that manufactures high quality mattresses and beddings products. In 1967 entered into an agreement to have its products distributed under the Sealy name and trademark, however the condition was that the companies to take up the distribution of the products were not to; 1. Be engaged, in contract, to any other company and not to distribute any other products whether beddings or not. 2. Sticking to a precise territory of sale and not to out of their allocated and agreed upon jurisdiction. The courts in the USA agreed to the terms that were being offered to the distributing companies by the manufa cturing company Sealy and termed then ‘horizontally correct’. This is because they looked at the substance rather than the form. This is the same as that of the Lolo Cars PLC and a hypothetical car distribution company called Zeek in Germany’s capital city Berlin2. The two decide to come to an exclusive distribution agreement of the sports cars. Zeek is located in Berlin, and it is limited to the boundaries of the city. The following will be the nature of the agreement; Lolo Cars PLC shall not be involved directly or indirectly in the sale, or even offer to sell its sports cars in Berlin. This is because it is an area exclusively under the authority of Zeek. This is evident in the American-Japan agreement on the sale of laser printers manufactured in Japan and sold in the USA. The Canon LPC laser printer is manufactured by a Japanese company but is distributed by Eastman Kodak Company in USA and is even rebranded as Hewlett-Packard and Corona data Systems. Zeek i s not allowed to sell the sports cars from Lolo Cars to any other part outside Berlin, and this is because it is aregion that has been demarcated for it. Advertisement of the sports cars outside Berlin is also not allowed. Zeek is also not to supply other products within Berlin that are assumed to be competing with the products of Lolo Cars. That means that Zeek cannot sign another agreement contract with another sports cars manufacturing company, especially if it should supply those cars within Berlin.Zeek should place a written order of the number of the cars that they would like (Roger & Culloch 314). This not only brings about transparency in the activities between the two firms but also gets rid of any form of fraud, and hence brings about responsibility. Lolo CarsCompany can change the price list of its sports cars only once in a year, and should give a written notice of sixty days to Zeek. This is because Zeek needs time to be able to inform their already established clientel e about the changes in the prices. Zeek shall use commercially reasonable efforts to promote the sale. Lolo Cars Company should first pass these efforts. If Lolo Cars does not agree with the methods of marketing and advertisement, then Zeek will not use it. These efforts also mean that they will train their own personnel that will be used tomarket and

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Contract Law - Essay Example A contact is reached when one party makes an offer and the other one accepts that offer. It is imperative to note that a deal is considered an offer only when the party making that offer shows intention of being bound. This is different to an invitation to treat (Poole, 2012). Invitation to treat is just an invitation for an offer but it is not legally binding. An example of an invitation to treat is where goods are displayed on a shop. Contacts could be either legal or illegal. An illegal contact cannot be enforced by a court of law according to the English laws. There are laws that offer guidance in determining which laws are legal and which ones are illegal. Forming an illegal contract has its consequences under the English law. This essay will explain the laws that relate to legality of a contract. It will give an explanation of illegal contracts as well as the consequences of forming illegal contracts. The essay will conclude by giving recommendations on the importance of the re forming the laws of contract. Laws relating to legality This section of the law is said to be one of the most confusing are of contract law. One of the major reasons as to why it is never clear is the fact that it lacks structure. It is usually very difficult for authors to classify the various heads of illegality. This area of law is said to be unsatisfactory and is usually very contradicting. According to the principle of legality, all laws are supposed to be clear, they should be easy to ascertain and should not be retrospective. Laws should allow decision makers to be certain in whatever decisions they make by applying laws that are declared before. In addition, laws should allow the decision makers to make decisions without altering the legal situations through discretionary divergence from the established law (Poole, 2012). Contracts which are rendered illegal A contact that does not meet statutory requirement is rendered illegal. Such contracts are regarded as illegal if they are likely to cause harm to the public or to the society (Poole, 2012). Any person who is accused of being involved in an illegal contract is likely to face consequences before the court of law. It is important to note that a contract may be lawful by itself but the parties who make an agreement may do it in an illegal manner. The following contracts are rendered illegal under common law; a) Contracts to commit a crime or to commit a civil wrong There are contracts that are aimed at committing a crime or something that is not according to the law. A contract that is deliberately aimed at committing a crime cannot be enforced by the law. However, there are situations where the parties are not aware that the contract they are about to engage in will lead to a civil wrong. Such a contract is not considered as illegal and is enforced by the law. In addition, there are situation where one party is aware that the contract will lead to a civil wrong and the other party is innocent. In suc h a situation, the innocent party will not be at fault by relying on the contract (Poole, 2012). b) Contracts that lead to corruption acts in public life These are contracts that are aimed at committing a corrupt act in the public office. For instance, it a contract is aimed at selling a public land or public property, then that contract is illegal and is not enforceable. In addition, a contract that is aimed at acquiring a tittle of honour illegally is also considered illegal and is no

Dq-Sheila Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dq-Sheila - Essay Example Qualitative research is categorized as studies conducted in order gain an understanding of phenomenon based on their environment and their interaction with the environment. Another important feature of this research is that those conducting the study have to make their own effort to collect as well as analyze data. These studies are based on observations so the researcher has to himself visit the settings in order to observe constructs and their behaviors (Tracy, 2013). This form of research is conducted for inductive purposes. This means that this type of research helps in developing theories as well as hypothesis that is used in further researches. For example a study was conducted by Heslehurst et al. in which the researchers tried to understand the perception of healthcare practitioner’s regarding ways through which maternity services can be further developed (Heslehurst, 2011). For this study the researchers personally interviewed 30 participants and they identified that maternity services can further be developed in order to counter obesity among pregnant women by increasing communication between private and public healthcare organizations. There are major differences in the characteristics of both qualitative as well as quantitative researches. The quantitative ones are objective in nature and the qualitative ones are subjective and the quantities ones try to answer the question of how strong is the connection between environment and the phenomenon, while the qualitative ones only focus on why the phenomenon occurred and the definition of the phenomenon. The quantities ones focus on identifying whether the theory developed through qualitative research is true or false. The outcomes of the study in quantities are based on statistical tools, while in qualitative study the outcome is interpreted by the researcher. For example a quantitative study was conducted by Van den Broeck et al. in

Rdms, phase2 db1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rdms, phase2 db1 - Essay Example Two types of integrity constraints entity integrity and referential integrity are taken in account for the design and development of database system. â€Å"An Entity is commonly thought of as a noun – a person, place or thing. In a real sense, Entities reflect Tables in the database† (Mickler, 2008). Entity integrity guarantees that there are no duplicate records within the table and that the field that identifies each record within the table is unique and never null. In general, Entity Integrity is the mechanism the system provides to maintain primary keys so that there is a unique identifier for rows in the table (database.dev.co.uk, 2008). It is good practice to have primary key in every table so that each row can be identified uniquely. â€Å"A primary key is typically only one field and that field is set to a special domain, or type† (Mickler, 2008). A primary key, composed of one or more columns, uniquely identifies each row of a table and eliminates the possibility of duplicate rows in a table (CTU Online, 2008). According to Hoffer, Prescott & McFadden (2007), â€Å"A foreign key is an attribute in a relation of a database that serves as the primary key of another relation in the same database†. Referential integrity maintains the consistency among the rows of two relations. The referential integrity rule states that for every foreign key value in a table, there must be a corresponding primary key value in another table in the database (CTU Online, 2008). Problems arise when we fail to relate the tables properly and inadvertently delete data in a particular table that would result in broken links or floating records (Mickler, 2008). For the new Student Class Registration System we have to make sure that entity and referential integrity constraints are applied. Entity integrity can be achieved by having a primary key not null field in each table of the database system that uniquely identifies each row. In case of our new Student Class Registration

2 to 3 page Bible College Administrative Report to be done in APA Essay

2 to 3 page Bible College Administrative Report to be done in APA Format - Essay Example Although established only in 1992, it has a combined instructional history of 130 years (Rocky Mountain College, 2009a, p. 5). RMC offers 2 one-year certificates on Christian Discipleship, 3 two-year diplomas (Christian Leadership, Global Studies & Theatre Arts), a three-year degree on Religious Studies, and 4 four-year degree programs on Human Services, Leadership Development, Music & Theology (Rocky Mountain College, 2009a, p. 22). Founded in 1992 through the cooperation of Lithuanian, Canadian and American foundations, LCC is based in Klaipeda, Lithuania. Its aim is to produce Christian professionals who will actively participate in community projects (LCC, 2009a). LCC offers four undergraduate courses (Business Administration, English Language and Literature, Psychology and Theology) and a Master’s degree in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) (LCC, 2009c). Although LCC operates in several countries as a nonprofit organization, it is generally governed by an independent Board of Directors, which is composed of members from North America and Lithuania (LCC, 2009b). It can be seen through the chart above how bible colleges, depending on their size and the breadth of the courses they offer, differ when it comes to governance and organizational structure. While their similarities are obvious, their differences are indistinct and needs a closer look. It must be noted, however, that the exact nature of two out of the three Christian Colleges studied here do not present complete data regarding the hierarchy of power and accountability. Thus, this comparative analysis is based on the available data and the inferences that can be drawn from them. Liberty University is governed primarily by the Chancellor and the President of the Board of Trustees, which is the same person. He is also the son of the founder and the President of the Board of Trustees Committees. Even though managing this large

Golden Gate Bridge History Essay Example for Free

Golden Gate Bridge History Essay The First proposal for the Golden Gate Bridge came from James Wilkins, who at the time was an engineering student. The cost of James Wilkins Bridge was unrealistic at the time which was 100million dollars, but none the less it set the bar for other bridge engineers to try to work out a cheaper solution. During this time a young Joseph Strauss had graduated from the University of Cincinnati with a degree in Business and Economics. Joseph was an avid student at his school and was the class president and poet for his class. Joseph’s interests with engineering and bridge design some might say happened by chance, in that, one day Joseph once tried out for his school’s football team but got injured and taken to the infirmary. During his stay, he gazed outside the window at the Cincinnati-Covington Bridge. Little did anyone know, Joseph was on his way to becoming a leader in his society and a hero amongst most. Joseph spent some time working at an office for an engineering firm which designed bridges, and after a preposition to his firm was rejected, he though to start his own firm and take his idea with him. Joseph went on to create the Strauss Bascule bridge company of Chicago where he amped up the modern day bascule bridge (draw bridge) with his designs and ideas. At the Strauss Bascule bridge company of Chicago, Josephs worked on the Burnside Bridge in Portland in the year 1926, the Lewis and Clark Bridge in 1930, the Cherry street Strauss and Trunnion Bridge, the Washington Street Bridge, the Hoquiam Bridge, the Skansen Bridge and finally worked as the chief engineer on the golden Gate Bridge. All of this was done without a proper degree in engineering. Joseph first tackled the idea of designing the Golden Gate Bridge with a plan of having two double cantilever spans linked by a central suspension segment. This design was rejected and later on a fellow engineer working on the project under Joseph by the name of Leon Moisseiff came up with the Final Design for the Golden Gate Bridge. Joseph was a very conservative man and left plenty of room for error throughout the entire process of designing and building the Golden Gate Bridge. Joseph insisted that a net be placed under the work space to catch workers who accidentally fell off. This net tha t he implemented saved a total of 19 lives and he was commemorated more than ever for it. Joseph received a statue at the end of the Golden Gate Bridge on the San Francisco side. Leon Moisseiff received the Franklin Institute’s Louis E Levy Medal in 1933 and was a leading suspension bridge designer within America. Leon graduated from Colombia University with a degree in civil engineering in 1895. Leon had a number of bridges which he has worked with but to name a few of most notable were the Manhattan Bridge and the Benjamin Franklin Bridge in Delaware. Leon Moisseif was best known for his work with the deflection theory which simply stated that the longer a bridge spans the more room it has to wiggle and move. He applied this principle on the Golden Gate Bridge as it was to span a length no bridge has spanned before at the time. Moisseiff was mainly in charge of the calculation of force revolving the wind the Bridge would have to withstand and one of his co-workers, Charles Ellis was a big believer in Moisseiff and his â€Å"Deflection Theory†. Charles Ellis was first appointed onto the Golden Gate Bridge project by Strauss himself. Strauss recognized him as a well renowned scholar of mathematics but as ironic as it is, Ellis like Joseph Strauss never received a degree in Engineer either, but one thing Ellis had on Joseph was a certificate in the field. Charles had fallen in love with the engineering and went on to write a book named â€Å"essentials of theory in framed structure† which became a mandatory text for Harvard and Yale engineer students. Charles graduated from the University of Wesleyan with a degree in Greek and Mathematics. Charles worked as a professor of engineering at the University of Michigan and the University of Illinois for some time. Ellis was a key part in the construction and design of the Golden Gate Bridge but Joseph made an alarming move which was controversial. Joseph accused Ellis of wasting time and money on the project and ordered Charles Ellis to take a vacation from work, and near the end of it Ellis received a letter from Joseph telling him not to come back to the job. Ellis was devastated and was still much attached to the project. After he had been released he began teaching at the University of Perdue and on top of his teachings kept working at problems and overlooking the designs for the Golden Gate Bridge dedicating around 70 hours a week. He found several errors which raised some eyes brows and in no time sent a letter to Moissieff. Charles Ellis was given almost no credit for his 3 years dedicated to working on the Golden Gate Bridge. His name was not mentioned on the list of builders but until recently was given a plaque acknowledging his participation in the bridge design. How the Golden Gate Bridge affected the local community. The Golden Gate Bridge is a historic achievement of great magnitude in the San Francisco and California region. It has created many jobs for the locals as positions were promised to be favouring them and also had brought attention to the area from all around the world. A total of 10 construction companies were called into the building of the bridge and materials from all over the world were brought in and in tremendous amounts, 83 000 tons of steel and 389 000 cubic yards of concrete. Conclusion The Golden Gate Bridge is a Remarkable piece of engineering. It has come a long way over its 4-5 years of construction and not to mention all that was needed to set its plan in motion. It has faced many obstacles to get to where it is at today, being one of Americas most recognizable attractions. The Golden Gate Bridge pushed the limits of its time, being the longest, highest bridge of its time really opened the eyes of many people in what exactly careful engineering can accomplish. It has had lots of passionate dedicated workers behind it since day one and along the road had its ups and down but in the end turned out to be one of mankind’s greatest accomplishments.

Theories on early year curriculums

Theories on early year curriculums Only by listening to the questions (verbal and non-verbal) children ask we will be able to develop the perfect curriculum. Griffiths R. (1935).   This report has been set out to demonstrate a range of theories and their philosophy on four different curricular approaches, being; Reggio Emilia, Montessori, Steiner and Forest schools. As every child is unique, there are a number of factors that influence a childs learning. This report will discuss how these approaches have influenced current best practice, meeting every childs needs by having an effect on the curricular guidance in the UK. It will also make recommendations for development in the setting I work in, enabling effective learning and positive interaction, focusing on issues relating to inclusion and anti-discriminatory practice in order to provide them with equal opportunities that will create holistic development. As development occurs rapidly during the early years, every stage of development should control the learning they are offered, meeting each childs needs. Early years settings should focus on promoting care and learning opportunities for young children making it stimulating and rewarding. All the four approaches have taken into account that childrens brains thrive on stimulation and new experiences, and play can extend childrens development and learning. The findings of the EPPE project also suggest; that it is not enough to create a stimulating environment and simply let children play, as children learn best when staff actively teach them. This means modelling appropriate language and behaviour, sharing intelligent conversations, asking open-ended questions and using play to motivate and encourage them. The early years curriculum is based on key theories of how children learn and current early years practice has grown out of the work of early years educators. By incorporating their ideas into forming the curriculum, early years settings encourage learning through first-hand experience. We will look into the four approaches and see how they have been embedded into the Early Years Foundation Stage by setting the standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five. Loris Malaguzzi (1920-1994) was the educational thinker who guided and inspired the Reggio Emilia approach in the Reggio Romagna region of Northern Italy. The approach requires children to be seen as competent, resourceful, curious, imaginative, inventive, and possess a desire to interact and communicate with others. Dr Loris Malaguzzi helped us understand that children shouldnt be expected to all have the same ways of expressing themselves, so he put forth the idea that there are 100 languages or ways of learning (paint, clay, music, drama, cooking, etc) in which expression and learning can take place. The Reggio Emilia approach to early childhood education has been adopted in USA, UK, New Zealand, Australia and many other countries. The Reggio Emilia method is made possible through a carefully articulated and collaborative approach to the care and education of young children and has also influenced Te Wariki in New Zealand. Reggio is a way of thinking about how young children learn and is based on the philosophies of Dewey and Vygotsky that is a very large idea with many parts, not a curriculum that can be adopted and implemented. Malguzzi used this versatility of research and theory recognising the contributions to Reggios thinking by the great educators; Vygotsky, Piaget and Jerome Bruner and this concept is brought about in the Early Years Foundation Stage-Every Child Matters Framework. As stated by Bruner, (1995) We are researching children researching their world. Some of the key principles of Reggio are: Giving the child more autonomy. The Image of the Child. Education based on interaction and collaboration. The importance of time. The role of the environment. The role of the teacher. The role of parents, as it is all learning together. Some of the key features of Reggio Emilias early childhood programme are:- The environment is referred to as the third teacher. The aesthetic beauty is an important part of respecting the child and their learning environment. Childrens work and collections are displayed; at the childrens and adult eye level. The piazza and the atelier are at the heart of the preschool centre. Documenting and displaying are unique and is viewed as an important tool in the learning process. Learning and teaching are reciprocal processes. The teachers role is complex; as the teacher is seen as a reflective researcher and they stay with their class from the time they start to when they leave. The children are seen as capable and inquisitive adults. Programs in Reggio are family centred. Loriss vision of an education based on relationships supports childrens reciprocal relationships with other children, family, teachers, society, and the environment. Reggio approach is not a formal model with defined methods (such as Waldorf and Montessori), teacher certification standards and authorization. But, the educators in Reggio Emilia speak of their evolving experience and see themselves as a provocation and reference point, a way of engaging in dialogue starting from a strong and rich vision of the child. As cited by Brown,N (2004) According to the documentation produced in Reggio Emilia pre-schools it would appear that girls and boys tend to work in single-sex groups. Girls also prefer smaller groups than do boys, and girls tend to discuss and collaborate from the start rather than, as the boys do, work independently before working collaboratively. This suggests that there are differences between boys and girls which appears to start from the premise itself. There seems to be a view that these differences are rather accepted and nothing can be done about it except document them and accommodate the differences in future projects. This also gives an impression that Reggio educators view these differences as natural. Many who have reflected on gender issues in the Reggio approach have felt awkward about the lack of critical thought about observed gender differences. Practitioners should ponder on this difference and ensure that their provision supports gender equity. In a nutshell, the Reggio approach articulates children to acquire skills of critical thinking and collaboration. It is a prism, a crystal, for seeing all the things we have looked at: relationships with families, curriculum, time management, evaluation, etc. and it isnt something one can apply. It is an approach to thinking about programs for young children and accepting children from all walks of life; where children with special needs are given first preference, making it totally inclusive. The Bristol standard aims at promoting the concept of reflective practitioners where they can become part of a process that protects and celebrates the wonder of early childhood through well informed and reflective practice. All preschool operators ought to benchmark against the Reggio Emilia school. As children are developing physically, mentally and emotionally, Rudolf Steiner (1861-1925) believed that education should be designed to meet their changing needs, helping a child to accomplish their full potential in overall development and learning, as well as academic progress. His technique was systematic, and was based on his own wide experience as a tutor and on his study of spiritual science. Edmunds (1979), portrays Steiner Education with these inspiring words To educate youthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ is to ennoble the mind, to fire the imagination, to fortify the will and to quicken initiative for life. Waldorf nurseries all around the world endeavour to meet the needs of each individual child with the utmost care, providing a harmonious home life which children should enjoy up to the age of five or six, working with Rudolf Steiners key points which are: Encouraging play, drawing, story telling, environment study and natural things up to the age of seven. Children younger than seven should not be taught to read. Teaching a child to write before teaching them to read. Allowing only one teacher to teach the same class for seven years. (This concept is taken from Reggio Emilia). Letting the child focus on one subject at a time. Find links between subjects like art and science. Connect with the child to make sure that they are keen about the material being taught. Showing the child good values but not enforcing a specific set of beliefs. Encouraging knowledge for its own sake and not just working towards exams. Allowing children to work at their own pace to ease their learning as each child has its own tempo and thrives best when this is allowed for. (Edmunds, F. 1979: p22). Rudolf Steiner made specific curriculum suggestions for all subjects including handwork, gymnastics, painting, music, shorthand and many others. A Teacher was given the freedom to build up the curriculum according to his own perspective. In a Steiner pre-school, no formal schooling takes place but there is an ordered life in the way children are received and engaged in activities. There is an extreme case of a general and widespread tendency today to intellectualize children without counting the costs. By robbing the life of children we are stultifying the life of adults. (Edmunds, F. 1979: p23) There is too much emphasis on getting small children to read and write at an early age which leaves them little or no time to play. This gives vent to frustration making them incapable human beings unable to solve problems and to make compromises as adults. Rudolf Steiner realised the fact that premature educational demands on the child, sap the life forces needed for further development later. He was also not in favour of sitting children in front of the television or a computer as there was much more to be learnt by doing things practically and get first hand experience. According to Steiner, creative, imaginative forces spring from a healthy life of will like flowers from a meadow; they are crippled by clever toys invented by clever adults. (Edmunds, F. 1979: p24). The objects of play in Steiner schools are simple so that the child can dress them with his or her own imagination as a child sees everything to be alive and real. Even today Steiner schools exist, and they are distinctly different from other schools. In the 1970s, 80s and 90s, United Kingdom and other parts of the world saw the formation of new Steiner Schools. Its founder was so self-motivated that everyone concerned knows that he would not have allowed his school to stay as it was, but would have found new and creative ways to meet the changing needs of present times. Nowadays it seems difficult for the people involved to know what course to take, without losing the essence of education that was brought to the world by Rudolf Steiner. Education must no longer be regarded only as a matter of teaching children, but as a social question of the highest importance, because it is the one question that concerns all mankind. (Montessori M, date unknown) Born in Italy in 1870, Maria Montessori moved to Rome with her parents in 1875 at the age of five. Maria Montessori is often referred to as ahead of her time. Throughout her life Maria Montessori had a particular interest in the development of children, especially those with special needs. She learned from the work of others, but evolved her own theories and believed that the child was a truly miraculous being and later on Steiner adopted this fact from Montessori. In 1906, Maria Montessori founded the first Childrens House. Montessori discovered how naturally young children adapted and enjoyed learning everyday tasks. The Montessori Method focuses on the individuality of each child in respect of their needs or talents as its goal is to help the child maintain their natural joy of learning. Some of the inventions of Maria Montessori are:- Sand paper alphabets and the Spinda boxes. Phonics; this has been taken up by the National Curriculum. Furniture and equipment scaled down to the childs size. Encourages independence and freedom with limits and responsibility. Practical life skills: domestic skills and manners are emphasized with the goal of increasing attention spans, hand-eye coordination, and tenacity. The structure of work and constructive activity gives the children a sense of self-worth that they have never experienced before. The Montessori approach does not emphasise play or the free flow of ideas, neither are the children allowed to undertake creative activities until they have worked through all the graded learning activities. Montessori believed in the natural unfolding of the childs intelligence that follows a specific path which must be aided by the adult by observing, as she did not believe in forced learning by children. When young children feel confident their energy for curiosity and exploration is considerableà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ If to the children the practitioner feels detached or remote- not like a secure base- then their energy and curiosity is very reduced or disappears. Elfer (1996). Montessori did not think there was a need for adult correction and little parental involvement was encouraged. This concept would go against the principles of Vygotsky, who identified the zone of proximal development emphasising on the role of adults to intervene and help children learn, moving into the zone of actual development as adults provide the intellectual scaffolding to help children learn and progress through the different stages of development. The Montessori Method does not see children as part of a community, but are made to work largely on their own in a peaceful environment of total concentration. Current mainstream practice in the Early Years Foundation Stage Framework has not accepted this philosophy as it would not usually leave children to work through activities on their own. According to Lillard, P (1996) the Montessori theory is to adapt education for each developmental stage through materials especially designed for a childs exploration and self-discovery, encouraging children to be active rather than passive learners at all levels. This has been acknowledged by the recent curricular guidance and some Montessori materials and ideas are used, for example, graded sizes of particular shapes, such as small, medium, and large blocks. The Montessori theory allows children to acquire the skills to answer their own questions, learn to manage freedom with responsibility, and maintain a high level of intellectual curiosit y. Its teaching; aims for the fullest possible development of the whole child, ultimately preparing him for lifes many rich experiences. Maria Montessori realised that children pass through sensitive periods of development early in life, and said that education starts from birth. This is now recognised by the Early Years Foundation Stage. Dr. Montessori described the childs mind between the time of birth and six years of age as the absorbent mind and has written a book about it. It is during this stage that a child has a tremendous ability to learn and assimilate from the world around him, without conscious effort. During this time, children are particularly receptive to certain external stimuli. A Montessori teacher recognizes and takes advantage of these highly perceptive stages through the introduction of materials and activities which are specially designed to stimulate the intellect. If a person develops the ability to respect themselves, the people and the things around them, they will take an increased interest in the long-term effects of their actions on the environment and the people who live within it. (Director of Operations Archimedes) Forest Schools is an innovative educational approach to outdoor play and learning. It is a concept originally developed in Denmark for pre-school children (under seven years). The philosophy of Forest Schools is to encourage and inspire individuals of any age through positive experiences and participation in engaging and motivating achievable tasks and activities in a woodland environment, helping to develop personal, social and emotional skills which will lead to independence, self-discovery, confidence, communication skills and raised self-esteem. Each Forest School Site is unique, designed to meet the needs of the group making it inclusive. Children become comfortable with an outdoor approach to education and play in familiar surroundings. It allows a more child led outdoor curriculum with opportunities for projects to be taken back to the indoor setting to be continued. Forest Schools have demonstrated success with children of all ages through the following methods:- Learning takes place in the natural environment through play. Use of own initiative to handle risks and solve problems. Co-operate with others. Programmes are held throughout the year in all weathers. Children use full sized tools, play, learn boundaries of behaviour; both physical and social, grow in confidence, self-esteem and motivation. Use of tools in the wood promotes trust and self-confidence; it develops motor skills and fine motor skills. As children need time to thoroughly explore their thoughts, feelings and relationships this method encourages them to understand the world, the environment and everything within it through use of their emotions, imagination and senses. This principle has been adopted from Reggio Emilia which considers the environment to being the third teacher. Malguzzi (1996) We place enormous value on the role of the environment as a motivating and animating force in creating spaces for relations, options and emotional and cognitive situations that produce a sense of well-being and security. This ethos was introduced to the UK during the 1990s and has proved to be an effective educational tool in a variety of settings. Children attending Forest Schools were arriving at school with strong social skills, the ability to work in groups effectively, and generally children had high self-esteem and confidence in their own capabilities that proved to be an effective foundation and raised academic achievements. Since its introduction Forest Schools have developed opportunities in an outdoor setting for children of all ages to develop a variety of life skills. Participants gain confidence in their own ability. Kinaesthetic learners (learning by doing) are particularly suited to learning in this woodland outdoor environment. It aims at meeting childrens basic needs before any higher learning can take place. Children feel safe both physically and emotionally as care is taken to ensure that children have proper clothing and footwear, healthy meals and plenty of hydrated water and hot drinks. The Forest School sites are usually away from main entrances requiring the group to walk long distances and terrain, but all this depends on the abilities of the group. A hard surface approach may be necessary for wheel chairs and buggies making it as inclusive as possible. Each time the children leave the woods they take something with them to encourage parental interest and communicative interaction. All sessions are designed around the needs of the group, ensuring that they are learner-led. Sessions are designed around a theme, such as Romans, butterflies, spies, fairies or nature investigators. Many areas of the National Curriculum are intrinsically covered in the Forest Schools Experience without the programmes needing to be curriculum led. The activities are set up involving the capabilities of every person within the group. Teamwork skills are developed through games and activities such as hide and seek, shelter building, tool skills, lighting fires or environmental art. Each activity develops intra and inter-personal skills as well as practical and intellectual skills. Activities are constantly evaluated and re-adjusted through out the day to meet each the groups requirements. The children may be asked to shout out, draw, act or play a game to review the day they have just experienced, reflecting about what they have done during the day. Individuals progress is observed/monitored and a thorough evaluation process is used to ensure that aims and objectives are being met. All the four approaches have in a way had an effect on forming the current curriculum, as all the approaches have one thing in common which is to meet the needs of the child. The Early Years Foundation Stage Framework has realised the need to provide the materials, opportunities, interactions and experiences that allow children to pursue their own interests and be creative. This is done by stimulating them through motivation but not overloading them with the things we want them to be interested in. The concept of supporting childrens development through their interest has been outlined in Tender care and Early Learning from High Scope and is currently used by Birth to Three Matters focussing on childrens strengths and interests. Reggio Emilia and Forest Schools provide models of excellence in developing high quality physical environment and this has been taken up by the Early Years Foundation Stage Framework. The Living, Loving and Learning exhibition (1999) and the British Associat ion for Early Childhood Education explains the main principles and purpose of physical environment as it is essential in our work with young children that we consider the outdoors as a natural extension of our indoor learning environment, as very young children need to be offered the opportunity to move and think freely. This is vital for their physical growth and development of their minds. Advancing childrens physical and intellectual competence is the heart of much of the early childhood curriculum. Montessori and Steiner do not use display boards to celebrate childrens achievements and this would go against the principles of Reggio Emilia, who believe it to be an ideal way of communication with parents, who can view their childrens experiences and learning on wall panels in the form of annotated photographs and displayed work. It is an important documentation inviting parents to feel close to their childrens experiences in the setting. This approach has been considered by the setting and there are a number of display boards for different age groups.

Effect of Battery Voltage on Output

Effect of Battery Voltage on Output Andy Nguyen Table of Contents 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Theory Review 1.2 Hypothesis 1.3 Materials Risk Assessment 3.0 Results and Analysis 4.0 Discussion 5.0 Conclusion 6.0 Appendix 1.0 Introduction The homopolar motor device or also known as unipolar motors are commonly used in everyday society. For example, it can be related to an electric circuit in cars or in high torque wind turbines. But in this case, the homopolar motor consists of an AA battery, copper wire and a neodymium magnet. The aim of this experiment only using this setup is to see how the voltage of the battery affects the number of times the wire revolves around the battery and magnet. It was hypothesised that the larger the voltage or battery, the longer it took to revolve around the battery as size is determining the current output. 1.1 Theory Review The magnet used in this experiment is called a Neodymium also known as Neodymium-iron-boron. This is a rare earth magnet and is stronger than the average magnet. It has a high resistance to demagnetization and its energy content level is high. If these magnets are not carefully stored or used properly, it can have major effects on the magnet such as corroding or caught on fire if used in high temperatures. Like any other magnet, the Neodymium magnet has a North and South Pole and depending on which side it’s used, it affects the direction in which the wire is rotating. Alkaline batteries are commonly used to make an electric device work. It contains chemical energy which then converts to electrical energy when placed in a device such as remotes and toys. An alkaline battery contains to electrodes, anode and cathode. Anode is an electrode through which electric current flows into a negatively polarized electrical device. A cathode is when the electrode flows out of the positively polarized electrical device. When electricity is run through a loop or coil of wire, the electricity has passed through a magnetic field, refer to appendix 3. The Neodymium magnet has both North and South Pole which attracts and repels the current flowing through the rotor thus creating a constant torque which leads to the loop of wire spinning. This repetitive attracting and repelling can go on continuously as long as a stable current goes through it. To find out how the radius of the wire affects the speed of the revolutions, angular velocity must be found. Angular velocity can be considered as a vector quantity thus this unit is measured in radians per second. The formula for angular speed is: Where is the revolutions per minute and is the time taken in seconds. The formula is then multiplied by for the full circular motion unit for a circle is measured in radians. Polarisation is when the charges inside a particular object is split and separated into each ends away from their distinctive other. A magnet for example, when polarised has two poles, where one end of the pole consists of positive charges whilst the other end will consist of negative charges. This concept determines the direction at which objects rotate. 1.2 Hypothesis It was hypothesised that the bigger the radius of the wire, the slower the angular speed will be. But as the voltage is increased using the same radius, the angular velocity of the copper wire will increase. Increasing the copper wire to a bigger radius and changing the voltage of the battery would have an effect on the speed of the revolutions. This should be due to the copper wire having to travel around a larger battery which means more time for the wire to revolve. 1.3 Materials 1.5 Volt Alkaline battery Neodymium magnet Copper wire Pliers Smart phone 1.4 Safety Risk Assessment The only hazard from this experiment is the possibility of being poked by the wire, having a slight burn on your fingers from the heated wires or to jam your fingers in between magnets. To prevent this from happening, there must be a lot of caution when handling the experiment, such as being alert where the wires are and not holding on to the wire for too long, as it may cause burn and also to keep all magnetic objects away from the neodymium magnet, as it is a very strong magnet and can jam your finger between objects or a sharp object. 2.0 Method Experiment measuring how radius (r) and voltage (v) affects angular speed Place the neodymium magnet on a flat surface Place the negative (flat end) of the AAA battery onto the neodymium magnet. Use pliers to cut the wire to appropriate length. Mould and bend copper wire so that wire has a radius of 2cm from centre and make the two ends of the wire spiral down the battery and touch the magnet. The copper wire will move in a circular motion when the ends of the wire touch the magnet, record with smart phone. Review recording in slow motion and measure revolutions/minute. Repeat steps 2-6 for radii 3cm and 4cm. Repeat steps 2-7 for AA and D batteries. Refer to Appendix 2 for picture of experiment. 3.0 Results and Analysis Figure 1 Figure 2 In figure 1, it shows that 1V (blue) and 1.5v (red) has a correlation with one another as a result of their respected lines almost being parallel. This is due to the two wires having almost the same voltage from the battery which would mean that the rpm would almost be the same. 3.1 Error Analysis Table one show the result of the three different sized radii’s that was moulded to find the angular speed. A number of three trials were conducted to ensure that the results that were given were not abnormal and were accurate. Each trial went for 60 seconds each and the averages of the speed were calculated. In each trial, a margin of  ±1 was used since the copper wire stopped halfway or not completing the rotation. As shown in table 1, it is clear that the bigger the radius of the wire, the slower the angular velocity. The difference is only slight because of the small difference in the radius of the wire. 4.0 Discussion The results of the experiment support the hypothesis that, when the radius of wire was widened, the slower the revolutions per minute. But when it came to increasing the voltage of the battery, there was an increase in revolutions per minute. By using the same radii that were used in the previous experiment for the AAA battery, the speed is increased when the AA battery was used. Then the revolutions per minute were significantly increased when using the D battery due to the amount of voltage in the D battery. From the data collected in table, angular velocity was able to be found using calculations shown in appendix 1. When the three batteries are compared, it is clear that as the battery voltage is increased, the faster the angular velocity. Even though increasing the radius of the wire affects the speed, it still supports the hypothesis that as the voltage is increased, the faster the angular velocity will be. As expected, the larger the amount of volts the battery discharges, the more current flows through the copper wire, causing it to have a higher revolution per minute rate. The greater the current flow the larger the magnetic field that is produced around the wire, and more force is produced to act upon making the wire spin. The copper wire that was used was incredibly thin so there was not a lot of contact with the battery or the magnet. Since the wire is thin, there is a small path in which the current flows in which only give the electrons to flow in a straight line. If the wire was thicker and bigger in diameter, then there would be less resistance since the electrons would be able to flow freely. Since the batteries have a significantly low resistance, the electrons are free to flow easily through the thin copper wire. Therefore the factor of the resistance can be excluded when measuring the angular speed. With the data collected, it was used to make a graph which showed the relationship between the volts of the battery and the angular speed. The vertical lines on the graph represent the margin error of  ±1 since the wire did not complete the full revolution. Other possible errors that could have occurred while gathering this data was the rounding error, to minimize large numbers, two significant figures were used. Copper wire loses conductivity after each consecutive trial without cutting the ends off. With the discovery of this possible error, cut the end bit of copper wire so that the conductivity would be the same each time which would make the results as accurate and precise as possible. Another possible source or error for this experiment is if the wire fell off the battery halfway through its rotations and/or if the ends of the copper wire lost direct contact to the magnet and slowed down during its rotations. These possible sources of error could be prevented by creating a slight dent on the battery to create a little hole for the wire to sit comfortably on and to create a solid spiral down the battery so that the ends don’t become loose and lose contact with the magnet. So that the results could be as precise as possible, because if the ends of the copper wire lose contact with the magnet, it loses the velocity and momentum and would slow down, and thus affects the rpm. Another possible source of error is drainage of the battery after consecutive trials causing less voltage to flow into the wire thus affecting its angular velocity, this could be prevented by using a power pack instead of battery. 5.0 Conclusion In conclusion, the results that were gathered supported the hypothesis that even with a larger radius, when increasing the voltage of the battery, the angular speed is increased. As the results show that the D battery, although larger radius than the AA battery, still had twice the amount of revolutions per minute because it had twice the amount of voltage. 6.0 Appendix Appendix 1 Using the formula for angular speed: Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Appendix 4

Cuneiform :: Egyptian Writing Essays

Cuneiform The earliest writing in Mesopotamia was a picture writing invented by the Sumerians who wrote on clay tablets using long reeds. The script the Sumerians invented and handed down to the Semitic peoples who conquered Mesopotamia in later centuries, is called cuneiform, which is derived from two Latin words: cuneus , which means "wedge," and forma , which means "shape." This picture language, similar to but more abstract than Egyptian hieroglyphics, eventually developed into a syllabic alphabet under the Semites (Assyrians and Babylonians) who eventually came to dominate the area. In Sumer, the original writing was pictographic ("picture writing"); individual words were represented by crude pictorial symbols that resembled in some way the object being represented, as in the Sumerian word for king. The first symbol pictures "gal," or "great," and the second pictures "lu," or "man." Eventually, this pictorial writing developed into a more abstract series of wedges and hooks. These wedges and hooks are the original cuneiform and represented in Sumerian entire words (this is called ideographic and the word symbols are called ideograms, which means "concept writing"); the Semites who adopted this writing, however, spoke an entirely different language, in fact, a language as different from Sumerian as English is different from Japanese. In order to adapt this foreign writing to a Semitic language, the Akkadians converted it in part to a syllabic writing system; individual signs represent entire syllables. However, in addition to syllable symbols, some cuneiform symbols are ideograms ("picture words") representing an entire word; these ideograms might also, in other contexts, be simply syllables. For instance, in Assyrian, the cuneiform for the syllable "ki" is written. However, as an ideogram, this cuneiform also stands for the Assyrian word irsitu , or "earth." So reading cuneiform involves mastering a large syllabic alphabet as well as a large number of ideograms, many of them identical to syllable symbols. This complicated writing system dominated Mesopotamia until the century before the birth of Christ; the Persians greatly simplified cuneiform until it represented something closer to an alphabet.

Intent and Motive in The Devil and Tom Walker and The Devil and Daniel

Intent and Motive in The Devil and Tom Walker and The Devil and Daniel Webster  Ã‚     Ã‚   Washington Irving, in writing "The Devil and Tom Walker", and Stephen Vincent Benet, in writing "The Devil and Daniel Webster" illustrate to the reader the consequences of man's desire for material wealth and how a person's motivation for a relationship with the devil affects the outcome of the "deal". In these two different, yet surprisingly similar narratives, the authors present their beliefs about human intent and motive. In "The Devil and Tom Walker", the story is seen of a stingy man and his nagging wife who "...were so miserly that they even conspired to cheat each other" (128). In the story, one sees a man make a deal with the devil, who in the story is known as "Old Scratch", for the sole purpose of personal gain. Tom Walker, seeing only the possible wealth that he could achieve, bargains with the devil and finally reaches an agreement which he sees to be fair. Tom does not see the danger present in bargaining with such a powerful force for so little gain. There is a note of humor present in the narrative, which adds to the sense of danger that is present making deals that one does not intend to keep. Commenting on the story, Larry L. Stevens notes that "This tale,..., comically presents the results of valuing the dollar above all else." This story does a very good job of conveying a message to the reader about human values. In the story Tom is seen as a very self-centered man who cares only for himself and his own well being. He is not even phased when he discovers the remains of his wife hanging in a apron in a tree; "Tom consoled himself for the loss of his property with the loss of his wife" (132). Tom is portrayed in ... ...Daniel Webster". in Adventures in American Literature. Ed. Fannie Safier et al. Athena Edition. Austin: Holt, 1996. 635-643. Discovering Authors. Macintosh. CD-ROM. Detroit: Gale Research, 1993. Irving, Washington. "The Devil and Tom Walker". in Adventures in American Literature. Ed. Fannie Safier et al. Athena Edition. Austin: Holt, 1996. 128-135. Masterplots II: Short Story Series. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Vol. 2. Pasadena: Salem Press, 1989. Peck, David. Masterplots II: Short Story Series. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Vol. 2. Pasadena: Salem Press, 1989. 575-578. Stewart, Larry L. Masterplots II: Short Story Series. Ed. Frank N. Magill. Vol. 2. Pasadena: Salem Press, 1989. 579-581. Wagenknecht, Edward. "Washington Irving: Moderation Displayed". Oxford UP. 1962. 233. in Discovering Authors. Macintosh. CD-ROM. Detroit: Gale Research, 1993. 3.

A Citizen’s Guide to Democracy Inaction

How far can humor go? This question is often asked regarding ribald, lewd, or obscene humor. In these cases, critics often ask whether humor has gone far enough.Critics and questioners ask whether what the comedian presents as humor has crossed the line into the offensive and revolting. How far has a particular bit humor gone to the bottom of the barrel and how do we know if it has reached the bottom.How far can humor go? That same question may be asked for Jon Stewart’s 2004 humor book America (The Book): A Citizen’s Guide to Democracy Inaction. However, instead of asking how the degenerate the humor is, after reading Stewart’s book, we are forced to ask how enlightening humor can be?Can humor be a tool to scrutinize? To question? To criticize? The likelihood of these possibilities are astonishing, especially when you consider that Stewart’s book is about America and its government and political system.Jon Stewart is the host of the popular comedy program The Daily Show with Jon Stewart. The Daily Show is a satire news program, complete with the familiar news program introduction, faux field reporters and even interviews with current newsmakers. Instead of glorifying news programs, The Daily Show takes pride in crucifying it and the political culture it inculcates.The late-night show is notorious for its no holds barred treatment of politicians and pundits from all sides of the political spectrum. The show prides itself as an equal opportunity offender as it makes fun of all political entities from all sides. This has resulted in great popularity for the show as well as for its host, even generating a spin off show from one of its faux pundits.That said, there are many parallels to be drawn between the Daily Show and America (The Book). While The Daily Show pretends to be a nightly news program, America (The Book) pretends to be a high school social studies textbook. In this regard, America (The Book) is successful as it really does look and feel like a social studies textbook. Its content and outline matches that of common high school textbooks.Its layout is also befitting that of a high school textbook, complete with margin notes, sidebars, interviews with â€Å"noted† individuals and numerous illustrations and figures. It is even complete with end of chapter questions and classroom activities.

Communication’s Effect on Effective Conflict Management

The unconscious sour of impelling interlocking concern is in truth complex. There ar many elements that one must sign up the furthest out of in b each club to become utile at involution law of clo genuine. In life, we pass on be approach with a ten thousand of mess, all with different views and opinions so naturally, we provide be faced with counterpoint at some point in our lives. erstwhile booking is initiated (intentionally or non), it is alpha to save up a cool head and entertain a few locomote.According to our textbook, thither be 5 stages for victorful date colonisation which ar serve to strife, the triggering event, the inception contour, the specialty phase, and the cloture phase (Cahn & Abigail, 2007). It is real cardinal to identify and learn these stages so they female genitalia be present in our minds during times of meshing. The first stage is the prelude to bout stage. This stage deals with the tension that arises set befor e a combat becomes external. conference plays a large procedure in this stage. If intercourse fails, counterpoint allow for ensue. conference seat fail if one or much voluminous objet darties state with a prejudicious connotation, tad, or parole choice. some other(prenominal) things such as sharing as well much information or not decent mass alike choose a detrimental effect on communication at this point. All of these f spellors, although more much than not confacered small components of communication, can lay the al-Qaeda for scrap. During this stage, the manufacture thing to do is to delay talking for a brief instant and examine ones induce emotions in an attempt to control them. Oftentimes, our unfitness to control our emotions result cloud our feeling and bequeath moreover serve up to come forward the issue.It is also classical to deal with the c at one timeive notions that we may have as these also can have an impact on our judgment. Accord ing to the attri plainlyion theory, people act as they do in conflict situation be dress of the conclusions they draw about each other (Cahn & Abigail, 2007). In some cases, our eubstance language will also thread us and will project the damaging feelings we may be experiencing. Many times, we can misread a person and this may lead to what is write outn as mendacious conflict. Perception of conflict is a cognitive factor that encompasses an individuals mystify toward conflict in general,(Ben-Ari & Hirshberg, 2009).It is for this reason that it is real all important(p) to build up a sombre effort to eliminate prejudgments and any negative body language that goes with it. Taking these steps during phase 1 will go on setting a tone of enmity and will eliminate any extra conflict. physique 2 of the conflict refers to the tangible event or events that trigger the conflict. This is a very important factor because by determining the trigger, we can point on what the real c onflict is and identify it. By revolve abouting on the trigger, we can focus on the events and facts, rather than on the emotions underside the conflict.When addressing a conflict it is important to perplex master at all times, ( spread conflict, 2010). This will help endureup the focus on the conflict itself and should help lapse communication from becoming hostile. It is also important to isolate and identify the true conflict as oftentimes, resulting emotions will cloud our break-dance judgment. formerly we have a separate assessment of what the true conflict is, we can activate to the interest phase of the process. The next phase is bonkn as the inception phase. During the initiation phase, it is important to state the problem. Ideally, this process should foster communication.In redact to move forward towards a successful colony, it is important that all sides get to state their side of the conflict. Communication at this point becomes sarcastic to solving the problem. It is also important to dungeon an open mind and take heed to everything that is said. In many cases, others may have been pique by something we do or put forward without us knowing it. In post to successfully resolve the conflict, it is not plenty to simply state the conflict and listen to all sides of the issue, but rather it is important to present possible solutions to the problem.The most useful way to check off dissolving agent is to make up an adequate conflict outline. Conflict strategies be overall objects consisting of a cluster of behaviors that people use in a specialised conflict situation (Abigail & Cahn, 2007). This should occur during the fall outing phase which is known as the differentiation phase. During this phase, it is advised that you try out the information change in the previous stages and mold to muse an adequate conflict strategy worthy for this particular conflict. Ideally, this process should foster an open, beneficial com munication amongst the affected parties.It is important that everyone involved keep an open mind so that all possibilities are heard and so that we may keep our conflict strategy flexible. Again, communication plays a pivotal share in determining the success of the conflict strategy. The use of active listening and crap communication will be utilitarian in getting all reply ideas out on the table. It is important to be clear about what you expect from this conflict but it is of equal importance to listen to what the other party is fitking from this conflict. The terminal phase is the resolution phase.During this step, the affected parties should work together to achieve a veridical resolution that will benefit two parties. Part of proficient communication is having good listening skills. Once you reach this step, the conflict should be de-escalated and should be much easier to recollect middle ground. Since all sides have express their positions and desires in the previou s steps of this conflict, it is important to remember that emotions may still be raw. Communication and respect should take originator in this phase in order to avoid falling into the pitfalls of conflict once again.A good resolution should forgather certain requirements in order to be considered a success. First and foremost, the resolution should be considered fair and reasonable. Although, realisti rallyy, not everyone will get their way, everyone should be able to feel wish they understand why they are not getting what they feel like they deserve. ghost that the resolution was fair and unbiased will help prevent future conflict. The bargain should also be realistic and item enough so that everyone may know what needs to be done and when.In order to proceed, everyone needs to understand what their role is for this resolution. It is also important to clarify the lucubrate of the resolution such as delimit whether it is self-governed or whether it counts on others to enforc e it (Ohrd, 2010). Once these precedents have been set and everyone understands the ground of the agreement, resolution is complete. One additional step is to follow up. Following up is not a traditional step in the conflict management process, but it has become a very important way of passing play above and beyond. It serves as a gesture of goodwill and also helps to ensure that the terms of resolution are being met.It is also just as important to ensure that one keeps their own end of the resolution during the follow up phase as failure to do so will only cause yet another conflict to arise. As a guest run model, I am faced with conflict on a everyday basis. My communication skills have to be dandy as I am an over-the- surround representative for a national cell call in corporation. I deal with people from all walks of life and from all parts of the country.Usually, when a person phones in to the cell phone lodge, it is because they are experiencing an issue or are u pset about something. Finally cause the affect communication has on the conflict process has helped me improve in my conflict resolution skills at work. While at work, my main tool is communication since I am over the phone and I must get my point crossways verbally. One of my main functions is to de-escalate a guest that is calling in upset. Often, a node will call in screaming and yelling because of their anger and frustration. At first, it was very hard not to get upset and respond in a similar manner.I have intimate that I am the face of the attach to and in the customers minds, I am the company itself so the conflict is not with me personally, but rather the company. With this in mind, I put on how important it is for me to keep my tone and treatment choice professional. bod 1 is super important in my parentage because it lays the world for how the call will go. Once a call gets off to a foul start, it is very hard to turn it around, so I have to get it right. Phas e 2 usually occurs very ahead of time on in the call since the customer calling already knows what their conflict is.It is my chore to actively listen to what issues the customer is experiencing and then(prenominal) move on to phase 3 so that I may analyze what the customer said and identify the problem. Although most customers are very straightforward with stating the problem, sometimes even they are not sure about what the real conflict is. They only know the issues they are experiencing. One universal example of this is when a customer calls in to cancel their line because their bill is systematically soaring. After listening to what they feel is the problem, my phase 3 procedure is to analyze their name and identify the cause of the high bills.On my most recent example, the cause of the high bills was minute overages. I proceeded to check their vizors history and they had consistently been release over in their minutes for calendar months. Phase 4 of my conflict resolut ion in this case would involve explaining the true cause of the high bills and suggesting a plan that better fits the customers needs. This solution is often met with some resistance, initially, because the customer does not see the benefit for them. They see a plan with more minutes that will bell them more money, so it is my job to help the customer see the benefit of what I am proposing.Someone who usually pays $30 in overages on average per month would benefit greatly by ever-changing to a plan that is $10 more per month but would include enough minutes to suit their use. In order to achieve this, impressive communication must take place. By phase 4, I should have already calmed the customer down, listened to their issues, and determine the problem. When presenting the solution, I must also be very careful in my tone and word choice as these are my tools to resolve the conflict. Both my tone and word choice have to project assurance and professionalism.Customers need to feel that they are transaction with a professional who is a specialist to help them so that they can keep an open mind to what I will suggest to them. The 5th phase is the resolution phase. In this particular situation, the customer has the last word in choosing the resolution, but it is my job to steer them towards a resolution that is corroboratory for both the customer and the company. This final process requires that we recap all of the information discussed and reinforce that the decision being made is the correct one.This provides additional closure to help the customer feel confident that they are reservation an informed decision with a professional company. The last step of the conflict resolution process in this scenario is the follow-up. We have some(prenominal) methods of performing follow-ups with our customers. One way of followers up with the customer is through our post-call surveys. Customers adjoin follow-up calls from our customer service incision and answer a s eries of questions as to how their customer service representative handle them and if their conflict was solved adequately.This is a very important step because aside from re-affirming the importance of communication with our customer, it also helps the company know what types of conflict are not being resolved efficiently. Another way that the company seeks to follow-up with our customers is by having customer service representatives perform follow-up reviews on customers accounts. Generally, we are given time at the stolon of our shift to review the accounts we have handled previously. We account whether or not the customer has called back in spite of appearance 48 hours of their last fit with us.The theory behind this is that if we are doing an effective job of resolving conflict with the customer as a company, the customers issue should be resolved in one call. If the customer has called back within 48 hours of their call with you, then you did not adequately solve their is sues and the conflict continued. By performing follow-up reviews, the company can keep track of your one call resolution accuracy and can pram each representative on circumstantial types of calls that they need help on found on their one call resolution review.This follow up review is effective in that it shows the companys perpetration to getting the conflict resolved for the customer and it also shows the companys commission to helping the employee succeed and improve. The process of conflict management, although complex, relies heavily on the use of effective communication. Conflict management is a part of daily life and recognizing the importance of communication will increase the rate of success in dealing with conflict. Learning to communicate clearly and openly will make mastering the art of conflict management a much more beautiful experience.Referenceshttp//www.ohrd.wisc.edu/onlinetraining/resolution/step8.htm